Brooder.



No. 706,953. Patented Au 12, I902.

w. P. JONES.

BROODER.

Application filed ma a, 1902. 4 N0 Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet I (No Model.)

\lxpylicstion filed May 8, 1902.)

Patented Mg. i2, I802.

2 Sheets-Shmet 2.

UNITE Fannie FFICE.

eeooee.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 706,953, dated August 12, 1902.

Application filed May 8. 1902.

To alt whom, it nut/,1 concern;

Be it known that I, W'ALTER P. JONES, a citizen of the United States, residing at Glencarlyn, Alexandria county, Virginia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Brooders, of which the following is a specification.

My invention is designed for the production of an improved broode; for raising and developing artificially-hatched chickens.

One of the principal objects of the invention is to provide novel means for heating the floor of the brooding-chamber, so as to do away with the necessity for elevating the brooder from the ground for the purpose of introducing a lamp or other heating device beneath the same, the objection to this old method of heating the floor being that the exitopenings from the brooding-chamber are necessarily elevated, requiring the small chicks to go down an incline in order to reach the ground and to walk up the same in order to return to the brooder.

A further object of the invention is to provide means whereby top and bottom heat for 1 the brooding-chamber can be obtained, with the provision of means for cutting oh": the bottom heat when desired.

A further object of the invention is to provide novel means for ventilating the brooding-chamber through the action of the lamp or other heating device.

A further'object of the inventionis to provide novel means whereby the broodingchamber may be divided into a plurality of compartments for raising chicks of different "ages.

A further object of the invention is to provide means whereby the entire heating apparatus may be readily and conveniently removed in warm weather or when the chicks have reached an age when they do not require artificial heat.

A further object of the invention is to provide novel means for connecting the lamp with the pipe which carries the products of combustion through the machine, which effectively prevents the admission of any prodnets of com bustion into the brooding-chamber.

Other objects of the invention will herein-= matter appear, and the novel features thereof willhe set'fortll in the claims.

Serial No. 106.389. (No model.)

In the drawings forming part of this specification, Figure l is'a perspective View of my improved brooder, showing the topor cover thereof slightly elevated at one end. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the heat conducting and radiating conduit carrying the lamp-box and the hover. Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view taken through one corner of the device. Fig. 4 is a vertical central longitudinal sectional view of the apparatus. Fig. 5 is a vertical central cross-section-of the same, and Fig. 6 is a sectional plan view.

Like reference-numerals indicate like parts in the different views.

My improved brooder comprises a box or casing made up of the parallel sides 1, ends 2, bottom 3, and top or cover 4. The sides 1, ends 2, and bottom 3 are all rigidly connected with each other, but the top or cover 4 is removably mounted on the other parts. The bottom 3 is extended at one end beyond the end 2 to form the bottom 5 of the lampbox, to be hereinafter referred to. Both of the sides 1 are provided with openings 6, designed for the passage of the chicks into and out of thebrooder, the same being adapted to be closed by the window-sashes 7, mounted to slide in the gnideways 8.

The top or covers is made up of the ridgepiece 9, the ends 10, connected by the strips 11, and the lids 12, hinged to the ridge-piece 9, supported when in closed position upon the ends 10 and the strips 11 and adapted to be raised for the purpose of gaining admission to the interior of the brooder. Each of the ends 10 is provided at a point direotlybeneath the ridge-piece 9 with rectangular openings 13, for a purpose which will hereinafter appear, and hinged to one. of the ends 10 is a flap 14., designed for the purpose of increasing or decreasing the height of the opening 13 in which it is mounted,

Mounted upon and carried by the lids 12 of the cover 4 are the hooded chimneys 15, the same being located one at each corner of the brooder and terminating at their lower ends atror adjacent to the lower surfaces the lids on which theyare mounted.

ter of the machine, adjacent to the upper end thereof, is a heat conducting and radiating conduit 16;\the sauilh being preferably con- Extending lhngitudinally through the censtructed of wood, rectangular in cross-section extension 50f the bottom 3, which constitutes the bottom for the lamp-box 18. The said lamp-box is itself secured to and carried by the conduit 16, the same being preferably rectangular in'shape and having-a hinged door 19, provided with an opening 20 for the admission of air tosupport combustion of the 'lamp and for thesupply of the brooding chamber. The door 19 provides for the ready removal and insertion of the lamp 21, an while it has been shown at one end of the 1am p-box 18 it is obvious that it may be otherwise disposed, ifdesired. Other means than the opening may be provided for the admission of air to the interior of the lam p-box.

Extending centrally through the conduit 16 .is a metallicpipe 22 for products of combustion, the same being of smaller diameter than the conduit 16, so as to provide an annular passage 23 around it for supplying air to the interior of the brooder. The ends of the pipe 22 project beyond the ends of the conduit 16 and receive the caps 24 25. These caps may be-vremgved for the purpose of swabbing out or otherwise cleaning the interior of the pipe 22. The cap 25 at the rear end of the ma.- chine is provided with a restricted opening 26, for a-purpose which will be explained later, and also with a contracted neck or nozzle 27, on which fits a removable cap 28.

Secured. to the pipe 22 above the lamp 21, communicating with the interior of said pipe,

' and extendingdownwardlytherefromisanippic 29, which carries the metallic chimneyilO for the lamp 21. The said nipple 29 extends through anopening 31 in the bottom wall of the conduit 16, and fitting within said opening is a funnel 322, which surrounds the chimney 30, but terminates, preferably, at a point abbve the lower end of said chimney. At the center of the brt ioder-casing the bottom wall y of the conduit 16 is provided with an opening 33, through which projects a tubular branch 34, of the pipe 22.

Surrounding the branch pipe 34 is a hover 35, the same comprising the two-part covers 36,'hin-ged at their inner-ends to the opposite sides of the conduit ioand having connected to-the under sides thereof the strips 37, which are rabbetcd or cut away at their inner ends to receive the lower side ofthe conduit 16. These strips 37 abut against each other at their inner ends and are supported and held in position hytheir engagement with the under sidcof the conduit lfi. 'lhc covers 36 are pro-yided with openings 38, covered with glass, if desired,-for the admission of light to the in reacts terior of the hover. Tacked to the outer edges of the covers 36 and to the lower edges of the strips 37is the hover-cloth 39, which extends down to a point adjacent to the fioor of the brooding-chamber.

Located and removably mounted in the brooding-chamber and supported upon the bottom 3 thereof is a hollow floor 40, the same being preferably made up of a rectangular introduced, the said openings being normally' closed by slides or covers of any suitable kind.

Secured to the flooring 43,extending upwardly therefrom,and communicating with the space 44 beneath said flooring is a pipe 46, having a slip-joint or telescopic connection with the pipe 34, heretofore referred to.

Located within the brooding-chamber, at

each corner thereof and diagonally disposed with respect to the sides 1 and ends 2, arethe partitions 47, the same forming the triangular compartments 48 at each corner of the device. These partitions 47 are provided with openings 50 near their lower ends which communicate with the compartments 48. In said compartments 48 aretheescapc-flucs51,which extend through the flooring 43 at their lower ends and communicate with the space 44 beneath said flooring. At their upper ends the fines 5i project into the hooded chimneys 15, as most clearly shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings. I

From the foregoing description it will be seen that the prod u'cts of combustion from thelamp 21 pass from the chimney 230 thereof through the nipple 29 into the pipe 22 and thence pass down through the telescopihg pipes 34 and 46 into the space 44 beneath the flooring 43. From the said space the products of combustion are carried off to the atmosphere at the'four corners of the brooder through the escape-fines 51 and chimneys 15. A complete circulation of the products of combustion, both above and below the brooding-chamber and through the center thereof, is thereby created from the lamp to the atmosphere. It will" also be seen that there is a circuit of fresh air through the apparatus including the brooding-chamber. The air ente rs through the opening 20, passes through the annular space between the chimney 30 of the lamp and the funnel 32 into the annular passage 2; in the conduit 16, surrounding the pipe From this annular passage 23 the air enters the brooilirig-chamber through the opening 33 beneath the covers 36 ofthe hover and within the hover-cloth 359. From the brooding-chaniber tin v air passes through the For cleaning the space 44 openings 50 in the. partitions i? into the triangular compartments 48, and thence is car-- ried off through the chimneys with the products of combustion from the escape-lines 51. The fresh air passing; through the annular passage 23 is heated by the products of combustion in the pipe 22 and is admitted through the opening 33 to the inside of the hover in a heated condition. The circulation of air is created and maintained through the apparatus over the course traced by coming in contact with the heated exterior Walls of the escape-fines 5i in the compartments 4:8 and by induction caused by the upward flow of the products of combustion in the chimneys 15, Where the air and said products of combustion mix.

To provide for the downward movement of the heated air to the lower portions of the brooding-chamber as the same enters the latter through the opening and to prevent 'the accnrnulation of heated air in the upper part of said chamber Without first descending to the lower portions thereof vvhere the chicks are located, I employ a deflector 52, which is hood-shaped in for-ones clearly shown in Figs. 4 and 5 of the drawings, and

. is located at the upper central portion of the brooding-chamber Within the hover.

The same is provided with a thiinble or tubular extension 53, which fits within the opening 33 and is frictionally or otherwise secured. to the conduit 16 around said opening". The air 1 iteuters the brooding-chamber through the opening is prevented by the deflector from rising to the upper part of chamber Without first descendingto the lower portions thereof.

The outerportiou of ihe pipe to, which e2:- tends through the center of the brooding chamber Within the hover 35, is preferably provided with a tubular covering 54, of cork or other suitable insulating material. This covering is provided for the purpose of prcventing thechicks being burned by direct contact with the exteriorsurface-of the metal pipe 46.

For automatically regulating the temperature Within the breeder I provide in the up per Wall of the conduit 16 an opening 55 for the escape of the heated air in said conduit prior to its admission to the b10oding-cbamher. This opening is normally covered by a valve or damper 56, pivotally mounted upon a bracket 57 and having a cranlnarin 58 thereon, which is connected through a loop 5! with the thermostat 60. The said thermostat may be of any suitable form or construction, the

same being secured at its inner end to the bottom Wall of the conduiti i and projecting outwardly through the space between the covers 36 of the hover35. I also provide a supplemental opening, 61 in the upper wall of the conduit lb, which is controlled by a hand operated slide or damper 62. The latter opening is designed to provide means for con trolling the temperature within the brooding-- chamber when thermostat (50, which controls the passage through the opening 55, is insufficient or when it is desired to cool off the brooding-chamber to a greater extent than I could be done by means of the opening 55 and the valve. or damper 56, which operates in connection therewith.

If for any reason it is desired to dispense with the bottom heat in the breeder, it is merely necessary to out elf the passage between the pipe 22 and the space 44 beneath the flooring This I propose to accomplish by means of a slide-valve 63 in the pipe 34, as clearly 'shownin Fig. 4- of the drawings. This valve may consist of an ordinauy fiat strip of sheet metal mounted in slides or guideivays on opposite sides of the pipe 34 and designed when in its innermost position to out off the passage through said pipe and when in its outermost position, as shown in Fig. 4, to open the passage through said pipe. Of course when the valve 63 is closed it is necessary to provide some means of escape for the products of combustion in the pipe 22. ihis 1 effect by removing the cap 28 from the end. of the cap 25, as will be readily understood. It may also be found expedient to dispense with the bottom heat in the broodingwith the supplemental double bottom 40 and the pipes 34: and 46 entirely. The cap 28 is then removed or the end. of the pipe 22 is left permanently uncovered, so that the products of combustion from the lamp 21 may pass entirely through the breeder at the upper part thereof. Ali the heat supplied to the brooding-chamber is then obtained from above.

it has heretofore been stated that the cover e of the breeder-casing is removable, and it has also been stated that the conduit 16, the pipe 22, the chimney 30, the funnel 32, the lamp-box 18, the pipe 351-, and the hover 35 are all permanently connected to each other. They are also detachably connected with the other parts of the device, the pipe 34lhaving a slip-joint connection with the pipe 46 and the conduit 16 resting Within the sockets or openings in the upper edge of the ends 2. files, therefore, the coveriis removed, the

.95 chamber at all times. In this event I do away conduit 16 and the parts above described as being connected therewith may be entirely removed from the remaining portions of the brooder. This is an important feature of my invention, as it enables me WllGILlJhB chicks reach a suilicient size and age to entirelyremore the heating apparatus of the brooder and employ merely the brooder-casing, in which the chicks may find shelter. When the parts above described are removed, the supplemental. or double bottom 40 may also be removed and the same cleaned by introducing suitable cleaning devices through the openings id in the edges thereof.

i hen the device is in operation and the product-sot combustion are led from the pipe 22 down through the pipes 34 and 46 into the space i i beneath the flooring 43, it is nocessary that some means he provided for causing the products of combustion to pass, to a certain degree at least, throughout all portions of the pipe 22 in order to furnishthe top heat through the entire length of the brooder. I have heretofore stated that the cap is provided with a restricted opening 26 therein. This provides for the escape of a portion of the products and preventsthe formationof a dead-air chamber in the pipe .22 between the pipe 34 and the end of the ever, is carried by the pipe 22 and as the lat ter is secured to the conduit 16, it is necessary that means be provided for raising and lowering the conduit 16, so as to enable the lamp 21 to be introduced into and removed from the lamp-box 18, in which it is located when in operation. The conduit'lti extends through the openings 13 in the ends 10 of the cover dand is normally held in its lowermost position by the engagement of the pivoted flap 14 with the upper wall thereof. By swinging the flap l-i upwardly on its hinges or pivots the height of the opening 13 in which it is located is increased, and then the end of the conduit 16 which passes through the said opening may be readily raised to a limited extent for the purpose of'introducing the lamp into the box 18 beneath the chimney 30. This vertical movement of one end of the conduit 16and the parts connected therewith does not necessitate the removal of the cover 4 and does not interfere with any of the other working parts of the device, the slip-joint connection between the pipes and 46 providing for the separation of these parts without breaking the continuity of the passage for the products of combustion throughthe brooder.

It is frequently desirable to utilize a singlebroo'der for raising two or more broods of chicks of different sizes and ages. portant, however, that the diiferent broods be kept separate from each other. 'I have provided means whereby this may be done, the same consisting of a removable partition (34:, made up of two sections and 66, connected to each other by a semicircular flexible metallic strap 67, which-when the partition is in place partially encircles the pipe 46 at the center of the"brooding-chamber. The lower edge of each section of this partition is provided with dowel-pins (38, designed to tit-within corresponding openings 69 in the flooring 43. By this construction it will be seen that when it is desired to provide two compartments in the brooder it may be done said pipe.

It is iin-.

by inserting the partition 61 in place prior to the introduction of the conduit 16 and the parts connected therewith. The said partition will be held in place and supported in upright position by theengagement of the dowel-pins 68 with the sockets in which they If it is desired to have but a.singlebrooding-chamber, the partition 64 may be readily removed. I

It wilLbe noted that the bottom heat in the device, or that which isapplied to the flooring 43 of the brooding-chamber, is obtained from the products of combustion in the pipe 22, located in the upper part of the brooder. By this construction the necessity'torraising or elevating the brooder, so as*to heat the bottom of the brooding-chamberby a lamp ,or other heatingdevice located beneath the same, is dispensed with. I My improved device may therefore be located directly on the ground, and the opening 6 will be so disposed that the chicks may freely pass intoand out of the brooder without the necessity of Walking up and down an incline.

. The opening 26 in the cap 25' on-the end of thepipe 22 has been described as being provided for the purpose of preventing the formation of a dead-air.chamber in the pipe 22 between the branch Maud the rear end of lar means must be provided in the conduit 16 to allow a small portion of the heated air therein to escape, so as to heat the upper part of the brooding-chamber throughout the entire length of the brooder. The opening referred to in the end of the conduit 16 is designated by the numeral 70. I

One of the important features of my invention upon which I desire to lay particular stress is the provision of means whereby light may be admitted from above to the interior of the hover windows or openings 38 in the hinged covers 36 of the hover. Unless some means be provided for admitting light to the inside of the hover it is difficult to get the chicks to pass into the same when heat or shelter is desired. Furthermore, ight is essential to the growth and development of the chicks the same may be obtained even though the chicks reniain inside the,h rooder, within .the hover.

Having now described my invention, what I claim is- I '1. In a brooder, a pipe forca'rryingotf products of combustion, extending through the upper part of the brooding-cham her, a lamp comm unicating with said pipe at a point interme-- products of combustion from said lamp, a

branch leading from said pipe at a point interincdiatc its ends, a removable cap on one It is of course obvious that simi- This means consists of the r end of said pipe having a restricted opening therein and a contracted neck, and a second cap remevably mounted on said neck.

3. In a breeder, a lamp, a vertically-movable pipe extending through the breedingchamber for carrying off the products of combustion from said lamp, and a chimney for said lamp carried by said pipe and com m unieating with the interior thereof.

4. In a breeder, a lamp, a pipe extending through the brooding-chamber for carrying 0d the products of combustion from said lamp, a chimney for said lamp carried by said pipe and communicating with the interior thereof, a vertically-movable conduit in which said pipe is mounted, the said conduit surrounding said pipe and forming therewith an annular passage which communicates with the breeding-chamber, and a funnel carried by said conduit, surrounding said chimney and communicating with said passage, for the admission of fresh air thereto.

5. In a breeder, a casing having openings in the ends thereof, a lamp, a pipe extending through the brooding-chamber for carrying off the products of combustion from said lam p, a chimney for said lamp carried by said pipe and communicating with the interior thereof, a vertically-movable conduit in which said pipe is mounted, the said conduit extending through the openings in the ends of said oasing, surrounding said pipe and forming therewith an annular passage which communicates with the brooding-chamber, a funnel carried by said conduit, surrounding said chimney and communicating with said passage for the admission of fresh air thereto, and a pivoted flap or filling-piece at the upper end of the opening in one of the ends of said casing, as and for the purpose set forth.

6. Ina breeder, a floor for the breedingchamber having a space. beneath the same, a

lamp, a pipe extending through the upper part of the brooding-chamber for carrying 01f the products of combustion from said lamp, connections between said pipe and the space beneath said floor, extending vertically through the center of the brooding-chamber, a conduit surrounding said pipe, forming an annular passage, the said conduit being provided with an opening adjacent to said lamp for the admission of air and with an opening communicating with the hrooding chamber, and escape-passages to the atmosphere lead ing from the lower part of said brooding-chamher and from said space at the corners of the breeder.

7. In a breeder, a floor for the breedingchamber having a space beneath the same, a lamp, a pipe extending through the upper part of the brooding-chamber for carrying off the products of combustion from said lamp, a chimney for said lamp carried by said pipe and communicating with the interior thereof, a slip-joint connection between said pipe and the space beneath said floor, a vertically-movable conduit in which said pipe is mounted,

the said conduit surrounding said pipe, form ing therewith an annular passage, and having an opening therein adjacent to said lamp for the admission of fresh air and a second opening communicating with the brooding-chamber, and escape-passages to the atmosphere leading from the lower part of said broodingchamber and from said space.

8. In a breeder, a lamp or heating device, a pipe extending through the upper part of the brooding-chamber for carrying off the products of combustion from said lamp, acouduit surrounding said pipe, forming an annular passage, the said conduit being provided with an opening adjacent to said lamp for the admission of air and with an opening communicating with the brooding-chamber, and a deflector in the brooding-chamber adjacent to the atter opening.

' 9. In a breeder, a lamp or heating device, a pipe extending through the upper part of the brooding-chamberfor carrying off the 1 products of combustion from said lamp, a conduit surrounding said pipe, forming an annular passage, the said conduit being provided with an opening adjacent to said lamp for the admission of air and with an opening communicating with the breeding-chamber, and a hood-shaped deflector in the brooding-chamber having a tubular stem thereon which fits within the latter opening.

10. In a breeder, a hover in the breedingchamber, having an opening in the top thereof, and a conduit for hot air communicating with said opening for introducing a current of warm air from above the hover downwardly through the upper part thereof.

11. In a breeder, a hover in the breedingchamber, means folintroducing a current of warm air through the upper part thereof, and a deflector within said hover for causing the downward movement of said current of. air.

12. In a breeder, a conduit for heated air having an opening therein communicating with the upper part of the brooding-chamber, a hover in said chamber beneath said conduit and surrounding said opening, and a hood shaped deflector within said hover having a tubular stem thereon, which fits within said opening.

13. In a breeder, a conduit for heated air having an opening therein communicating with the upper part of the brooding-chamber, and a hover in said chamber beneath said cenduit and surrounding said opening, the said hover having its top or cover made in sections pivoted to said conduit.

14. In a breeder, a conduit for heated air having an opening therein communicating with the upper part of the brooding-chamber, and a hover in said chamber beneath said conduit and surrounding said opening, the said hover comprising two cover-sections hinged to opposite sides of said conduit, transverselyextending strips secured to the lower sides of said sections, projecting beyond the inner edges thereof, cut away to receive said conv ing from the lower part of said hroociingo chamber and from said 531252156.

24. in a brootier a iioor for the broodingchamber having a space beneath the some, a lamp, a pipe extending part of the broodingchamher for the products of combustion from a removable cap on the end of said u" I posits said lamp, a branch. ."leading from said pipe at a point intcrinetiiittc its ends and ;on1- 1n nnicating with the space beneath said floor, a valve or cut-off in said brancin a conduit surrounding said pipe, forming" an minniar passage, the said conduit being provided with an openingadjaccnt to said. "lamp for the admission of air andwiih an opening coinmunicating with the broodinmchamber, and. scape-passages to the atmosphere loading from the lower part of said brooding-chainher and from said space.

2.5. The combination with tho broodingchamher of a brootior, of a remoraoic pal-tition for dividing said chamber into a pinraiity of compartments.

2G. The combination with tho broodingchambor of a broodcr, having verticai. open-- ings in tho floor thereof, of a partition. for iii- Viding said chamber into a plurality 02' com 'ihmn ii tho upper partmcnts, the said partition having dowcipins projecting from the lower edge thereofi and adapted to iii: within saioi openin :27. In a hrooder, the combination with the hollow iioor oi. the brood ng-chamber having;

a vertical pipe extending upwar'iiy therefrom conveying: a heating medium to tho inte rior of said. hoiiow floor of a partition for riding the brooding-chamber into a plurality of compartment-s having means thereon for detachabiy connecting the sanleto said floor the said partition comprising: two sections and a semicircular flexible connecting-strap be tween said sections designed to embrace said pipe when the partition is in operative position.

28. In a brooder, a hover having the top or cover thereof made in sections pivoted to a common support and having openings tbercin for the admission of light to the interioroii' the hover.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set 

